Culvert



Feb. 26, J, S, PENNEY ET AL cULvERT Filed March 16, 1934 Patented Feb. 26, 1935 UNITED STATES i r1,99,2,'z63

CULVERT John S. Penney, Richmond Heights, and Atlee C. Lingley, Kansas City, Mo., assignors to T. J. Moss Tie Company, St. Louis, Mo., a. corporation of Missouri Application March 16, 1934, Serial No.` 715,796

4 Claims. (Cl. 61-16) This invention relates lto culverts, and with regard to certain more specificifeatures, to Wooden culverts.

Among the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision of a Wooden culvert whose individual WoodenV members are of very simple repeating forms so that they may be produced in substantial numbers at small expense;"

the provision of a culvert of the class described `which is adapted to be put up in sections, each section of Which is quite rigid; and the provision of apparatus of the classfdescribed which is simpie in form and dependable in function. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

Theinvention accordingly comprises theelements and combinations of elements, features of construction, and arrangements of parts which will be exemplified in the structureshereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in Which is illustrated two of various possible embodiments of the invention,

Fig. l is a trimetric view showing an exemplary form of the culvert; i

Fig. 2 is a Vertical section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing the-culvert embedded in the ground;

Fig. 3 is a Vertical section taken on line 3-3 of Figgl showing the culvert embedded in the ground; and,

Fig. 4 is a trimetric view showing an alternative form of the invention.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 1, there is illustrated a section 1 of culvert made ac- 40 cording to this invention. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, said section 1 will be seen to be made up of individual frame sections lettered "A" and "B respectively. The sections A are composed of upwardly positioned side members 3 and on 45 the opposite sides thereof, of downwardly positioned side members 5. It will be noted that in section A the upward members 3 are at the left, and that the downward members 5 are at the right.

In section B, the sides also are composed of downward members 5 and upward members 3. However, the upwarcl members 3 are on the right and the downward members 5 are on the left,

` thus diifering from the section A.

Referring again to section A, t will be seen that a top member 7 is oifset to the right and a bottom member 9 is oifset to the left; whereas in section B, the corresponding top member 7 is offset to the left and the corresponding bottom member 9 is oifset to the right.

It will be seen that the cross section of the culvert may be either rectangular (Figures l-3) or substantially square (Figure 4) In either case all members 3 and l5 are the same length if of the same Width and all members 7 and 9 are 10 the same length if of the same Width, although members 7 and 9 may difier in length from members 3 and 5. In the case of the square cross section all members are of the same length if of the same thickness. It is preferable that all members have the same Width and thickness, the latter dimension` being measured longitudinally of the culvert.

Adjacent members 3, 5, 7 and 9 of the-frame are nailed together. The result is an interlocking arrangement at the corners due to the laterally shifted position of adjacent members in a given Wall. i

In order to provide rigidity and to determine a sectional length of the culvert, angle irons 11 are fastened to the inside corners of the boxlike structure, the fastening being made by means of lag screws 13 spaced at suitable intervals to provide proper strength.

It Will be seen that the above structure is exceedingly simple to manufacture because all of the timbers or sides 3, 5, 7 and 9 may be cut exactly alike; or, at the most, there will be only two different species if it is desired to make the culvert higher than wide, or wider than high. That is to say, the timbers 3 and 5 will be the same throughout the length of the culvert and the timbers '7 and 9 will be the same throughout its length, or timbers 3, 5, 'Iv and 9 will all be the same length. l

This structure is exceedingly strong because there are no rabbets which usually provide a source of splitting at the corners of culverts of this class. All timbers consist exclusively of plain, rectangular, six-sided parallelopipeds. In the present construction, the opposite edges of any nailed up slab forming the roof, bottom or side walls, are supported by wide abutments over the entire end of alternate Vertical members 3 or 5. In other words, a pair of right and left nailed-up members "1 are supported endwise over the entire ends of the respective column wall members 3 andr 5 therebelow. Thus great strength is attained irrespective of the presence of the angle irons 11; however, said angle irons 11 further support the otherwise unsupported opposite ends of a given pair of said members '7. It Will be seen in this connection that the same remarks apply to the strength of the side Walls against lateral loading and the strength of the bottom of the culvert against upward forces.

In Figure 4 is shown an alternative form of the invention in which like numerals designate like parts. In this figure is shown a frame corresponding to the frame shown in Figure 2. It will be understood that there is also a frame corresponding to the frame shown in Figure 3. The difference in this embodiment is that, instead of having continuous angle irons 11 spanning a multiplicity of frames, there are provided individual knee braces 17 for each respective frame. This eliminates the feature of rigidity obtained by means of the Continuous angle irons 11, but in applications where such rigidity is not required, this form of the invention is suitable.

It will be seen that one full end of each timber abuts endwise the side of an adjacent rightangular timber in a given section, but adjacent timbers in adjacent sections abut their respective right-angular timbers at opposite corners of the culvert.

It is to be understood that this invention applies to drainage structures, sewer boxes and like constructions forming passages for the flow of material.

In view of the above, it Will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As many changes could be made in carrying out the above constructions without departing from the seope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. A culvert comprising top, bottom and side walls, frame sections laminated to form said walls, adjacent frame sections being fastened together, timbers forming said frame sections, all timbers consisting exclusively of plain, rectangular, six-sided parallelopipeds, one full end of each of said timbers abutting endwise the side of an adjacent right-angul'ar timber in a given section, but adjacent timbers in adjacent sections abutting a right-angular timber at opposite Corners of the culvert.

2. A culvert comprising top, bottom and side Walls, frame sections laminated to form said Walls, adjacent frame sections being fastened together, timbers forming said frame sections, all timbers consisting exclusively of plain, rectangular, six-sided parallelopipeds, one full end of each of said timbers abutting the sides of an adjacent right-angular timber in a given section, but adjacent timbers in adjacent sections abutting a right-angular timber at opposite Corners of the culvert, and braces afiixed to the culvert in the interior corners thereof.

3. A culvert comprising top, bottom and side Walls, frame sections laminated to form said walls, adjacent frame sections being fastened together, timbers forming said frame sections, all timbers consisting exclusively of plain, rcctangular, six-sided parallelopipeds, one full end of each of said timbers abutting the sides of an adjacent right angular timber in a given section, but adjacent timbers in adjacent sections laterally abutting a right-angular timber at opposite corners of the culvert, and braces afxed to the culvert in the interior corners thereof, said braces having a length adapted to join a plurality of adjacent frames to form a unit.

4. A culvert comprising top, bottom and side walls, frame sections laminated to form said Walls, adjacent frame sections being fastened together, timbers forming said frame sections, all timbers consisting exclusively of plain, rectangular, six-sided parallelopipeds, one full end of each of said timbers abutting the sides of an adjacent timber in a given section, but adjacent timbers in adjacent sections laterally abutting a right-angular timber at opposite Corners of the culvert, and braces afiixed to the culvert in the interior Corners thereof, said braces having dimensions parallel to the axis of the culvert which are not greater than the thickness of one frame measured endwise of the culvert.

JOHN S. PENNEY. ATLEE C. LINGLEY. 

